主要区别
- Runnable 接口 run 方法无返回值；Callable 接口 call 方法有返回值，支持泛型
- Runnable 接口 run 方法只能抛出运行时异常，且无法捕获处理；Callable 接口 call 方法允许抛出异常，可以获取异常信息
测试代码
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask; public class TestRunnableAndCallable { public static void main(String[] args) {testImplementsRunable();testImplementsCallable();testImplementsCallableWithException();}//测试实现Runnable接口的方式创建、启动线程public static void testImplementsRunable() {Thread t1 = new Thread(new CustomRunnable());t1.setName("CustomRunnable");t1.start();}//测试实现Callable接口的方式创建、启动线程public static void testImplementsCallable() {Callable<String> callable = new CustomCallable();FutureTask<String> futureTask = new FutureTask<String>(callable);Thread t2 = new Thread(futureTask);t2.setName("CustomCallable");t2.start();try {System.out.println(futureTask.get());} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (ExecutionException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}//测试实现Callable接口的方式创建、启动线程，抛出异常public static void testImplementsCallableWithException() {Callable<String> callable = new CustomCallable2();FutureTask<String> futureTask = new FutureTask<String>(callable);Thread t3 = new Thread(futureTask);t3.setName("CustomCallableWithException");t3.start();try {System.out.println(futureTask.get());} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (ExecutionException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}} //实现Runnable接口，重写run方法class CustomRunnable implements Runnable { public void run() {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());//throw new RuntimeException("aaa");}} //实现Callable接口，重写call方法class CustomCallable implements Callable<String> { public String call() throws Exception {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());return "Callable Result";}} //实现Callable接口，重写call方法无法计算抛出异常class CustomCallable2 implements Callable<String> { public String call() throws Exception {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());throw new Exception("I can compute a result");}}打印结果
CustomRunnableCustomCallableCallable ResultCustomCallableWithExceptionjava.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.Exception: I can compute a resultat java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)at constxiong.interview.TestRunnableAndCallable.testImplementsCallableWithException(TestRunnableAndCallable.java:46)at constxiong.interview.TestRunnableAndCallable.main(TestRunnableAndCallable.java:12)Caused by: java.lang.Exception: I can compute a resultat constxiong.interview.CustomCallable2.call(TestRunnableAndCallable.java:81)at constxiong.interview.CustomCallable2.call(TestRunnableAndCallable.java:1)at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
